Medicinal & Aromatic· Mentha × piperita
Anbauratgeber für Peppermint
Hybrid mint (M. aquatica × M. spicata) grown commercially for menthol-rich essential oil. India and the US (Pacific Northwest, Midwest) are top producers. Menthol is used in pharmaceuticals, oral care, confectionery, and aromatherapy. Distinct from spearmint — higher menthol content (40-50%) makes it the preferred medicinal species.
Anbaubedingungen
Bodenanforderungen
Bodenart & pH-Wert
Beste Bodenarten: loam, clay loam, muck
pH-Bereich: 6 - 7.5 (optimal: 6.5)
Drainage: good
Nährstoffbedarf (N-P-K)
Pflanzanleitung
Ertrag & Wirtschaftlichkeit
Häufige Schädlinge & Krankheiten
Häufige Schädlinge
- spider mites
- flea beetles
- mint root borer
- cutworms
- loopers
Häufige Krankheiten
- Verticillium wilt
- mint rust (Puccinia menthae)
- powdery mildew
- Rhizoctonia root rot
Nutzen Sie die , um Probleme frühzeitig zu erkennen und Ernteverluste zu vermeiden.
Anbautipps
Harvest at early bloom (10% flower) for peak menthol content; cut 5 cm above ground and wilt in swath 24-48 hours before distillation.
Rotate fields every 3-4 years — Verticillium wilt builds up in continuous peppermint and there are no resistant cultivars. Flame or propane flaming after harvest sterilizes surface inoculum.
Contain in beds or use root barriers — peppermint spreads aggressively by stolons and will overtake adjacent crops within one season.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
How long does Peppermint take to grow?
Peppermint typically takes 90 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 10 days. The best planting season is spring.
What soil does Peppermint need?
Peppermint grows best in loam, clay loam, muck soil with a pH of 6-7.5. Good drainage is required.
What temperature does Peppermint need?
Peppermint grows best at 15-25°C. Frost tolerance: high. Heat tolerance: low.
What is the expected yield for Peppermint?
Peppermint yields approximately 100 kg essential oil/hectare under good conditions. Multiple harvests per year are possible (2).
Mehr Medicinal & Aromatic
Wichtige Agrarbegriffe
Grundlegende landwirtschaftliche Konzepte, verständlich erklärt.
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