Legumes & Pulses· Arachis hypogaea

Anbauratgeber für Groundnut

Peanut/groundnut. Legume crop grown for oil and food. Fixes atmospheric nitrogen.

Wie lange dauert der Anbau von Groundnut?

Groundnut ist in der Regel etwa 120 Tage nach der Pflanzung erntereif.

120

Tage bis zur Ernte

2,820

kg unshelled/Hektar

moderate

Wasserbedarf

full sun

Sonnenbedarf

Anbaubedingungen

Temperatur

25-35°C optimal

Niederschlag

400-1000 mm/Jahr

Frosttoleranz

none

Trockenheitstoleranz

moderate

Luftfeuchtigkeit

moderate Toleranz

Hitzetoleranz

high

Bodenanforderungen

Bodenart & pH-Wert

Beste Bodenarten: sandy loam, loam, well-drained sandy

pH-Bereich: 5.5 - 6.5 (optimal: 6)

Drainage: excellent

Nährstoffbedarf (N-P-K)

Stickstoff (N)low

Phosphor (P)moderate

Kalium (K)moderate

Pflanzanleitung

Pflanzmethoden

direct seeding

Pflanztiefe

5 cm

Pflanzabstand

15 cm Abstand, 45 cm Reihen

Pflanzzeit

spring, early summer

Ertrag & Wirtschaftlichkeit

Ertragsspanne

940 - 4,280 kg unshelled/ha

Marktnachfrage

growing

Rentabilität

medium

Häufige Schädlinge & Krankheiten

Häufige Schädlinge

Aphids
Thrips
Leaf miner
White grub
Pod borer
Termites

Häufige Krankheiten

Early leaf spot
Late leaf spot
Rust
Aflatoxin (Aspergillus)
Stem rot
Collar rot

Nutzen Sie die KI-gestützte Erkennung von Pflanzenkrankheiten, um Probleme frühzeitig zu erkennen und Ernteverluste zu vermeiden.

Anbautipps

Apply gypsum (calcium sulfate) at 400-500 kg/ha at pegging stage — calcium is essential for pod fill and deficiency causes empty or poorly filled shells.

Groundnuts fix atmospheric nitrogen via Bradyrhizobium, so skip nitrogen fertilizer — excess N promotes foliage over pod development.

Harvest when 70-80% of pods show internal darkening of the shell lining — delayed harvest increases aflatoxin risk and pod shattering losses.

Dry pods to below 8% moisture within 48 hours of harvest to prevent Aspergillus flavus contamination and aflatoxin production.

Rotate with cereals (sorghum, millet) and avoid following groundnut with groundnut — this breaks leaf spot and soil-borne disease cycles.

Sandy loam soils are ideal because pods must penetrate the soil after pegging — heavy clay soils restrict peg entry and cause misshapen pods.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

How long does Groundnut take to grow?

Groundnut typically takes 120 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 7 days. The best planting season is spring, early summer.

What soil does Groundnut need?

Groundnut grows best in sandy loam, loam, well-drained sandy soil with a pH of 5.5-6.5. Excellent drainage is required.

What temperature does Groundnut need?

Groundnut grows best at 25-35°C. Frost tolerance: none. Heat tolerance: high.

What is the expected yield for Groundnut?

Across 18 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Groundnut range from 940 to 4,280 kg unshelled/hectare, with a median of 2,820. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.