Root & Crops & Tubers· Dioscorea rotundata

Guía de cultivo de Yam

A starchy tuber crop central to food security in West Africa, which produces over 90% of the world supply. White yam (D. rotundata) is the most commercially important of the 600+ Dioscorea species.

¿Cuánto tarda en crecer Yam?

Yam suele estar listo para la cosecha unos 240 días después de la siembra.

240

Días hasta la cosecha

12,395

kg/hectárea

high

Necesidades de agua

full sun

Necesidades de sol

Condiciones de cultivo

Temperatura

25-30°C óptima

Precipitación

1000-1800 mm/año

Tolerancia a las heladas

none

Tolerancia a la sequía

moderate

Humedad

Tolerancia high

Tolerancia al calor

moderate

Requisitos del suelo

Tipo de suelo y pH

Mejores tipos de suelo: sandy loam, loam, silt loam

Rango de pH: 6.4 - 6.7 (óptimo: 6.6)

Drenaje: good

Necesidades de nutrientes (N-P-K)

Nitrógeno (N)moderate

Fósforo (P)moderate

Potasio (K)high

Guía de siembra

Métodos de siembra

sett planting, vine cuttings, minisett technique

Profundidad de siembra

10 cm

Distancia entre plantas

100 cm de separación, 100 cm entre hileras

Temporada de siembra

early_spring, late_spring

Rendimiento y economía

Rango de rendimiento

8,830 - 25,050 kg/ha

Plagas y enfermedades comunes

Plagas comunes

yam beetle
mealybugs
nematodes

Enfermedades comunes

yam anthracnose
yam mosaic virus
dry rot

Usa la detección de enfermedades de cultivos con IA para identificar problemas a tiempo y prevenir pérdidas de cosecha.

Consejos de cultivo

Mound or ridge planting (30-40 cm high) is essential for proper tuber development and drainage.

Staking vines to 2-meter poles increases yields by 30-40% compared to unstaked plants.

Milking harvest (removing tuber while leaving vine intact) allows a second smaller tuber to form.

Preguntas frecuentes

How long does Yam take to grow?

Yam typically takes 240 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 21 days. The best planting season is early_spring, late_spring.

What soil does Yam need?

Yam grows best in sandy loam, loam, silt loam soil with a pH of 6.4-6.7. Good drainage is required.

What temperature does Yam need?

Yam grows best at 25-30°C. Frost tolerance: none. Heat tolerance: moderate.

What is the expected yield for Yam?

Across 4 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Yam range from 8,830 to 25,050 kg/hectare, with a median of 12,395. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.