Nuts· Prunus dulcis

Guía de cultivo de Almond

Deciduous tree producing one of the world's most valuable tree nuts. Requires Mediterranean-type climate with dry summers, mild winters, and adequate winter chill hours (300-600).

¿Cuánto tarda en crecer Almond?

Almond suele alcanzar su primera cosecha unos 5 años después de la siembra.

1825

Días hasta la cosecha

1,280

kg kernel/hectárea

moderate

Necesidades de agua

full sun

Necesidades de sol

Condiciones de cultivo

Temperatura

15-30°C óptima

Precipitación

300-700 mm/año

Tolerancia a las heladas

light

Tolerancia a la sequía

moderate

Humedad

Tolerancia low

Tolerancia al calor

high

Requisitos del suelo

Tipo de suelo y pH

Mejores tipos de suelo: sandy loam, loam, well-drained

Rango de pH: 6.5 - 7 (óptimo: 6.8)

Drenaje: excellent

Necesidades de nutrientes (N-P-K)

Nitrógeno (N)moderate

Fósforo (P)moderate

Potasio (K)high

Guía de siembra

Métodos de siembra

grafted seedlings, budding

Profundidad de siembra

10 cm

Distancia entre plantas

600 cm de separación, 700 cm entre hileras

Temporada de siembra

winter

Rendimiento y economía

Rango de rendimiento

360 - 6,110 kg kernel/ha

Demanda del mercado

high growth

Rentabilidad

high

Plagas y enfermedades comunes

Plagas comunes

navel orangeworm
peach twig borer
mites

Enfermedades comunes

brown rot
shot hole
hull rot

Usa la detección de enfermedades de cultivos con IA para identificar problemas a tiempo y prevenir pérdidas de cosecha.

Consejos de cultivo

Most almond varieties require cross-pollination; plant at least two compatible varieties and provide bee hives (2-3/ha) during bloom.

Late frost during bloom is the biggest risk — almonds bloom very early (February-March in Northern Hemisphere) when frost events are still common.

Deficit irrigation during hull split stage (30% reduction) can improve kernel quality and reduce hull rot incidence.

Preguntas frecuentes

How long does Almond take to grow?

Almond typically takes about 5 years from planting to first harvest. Seeds germinate in about 30 days. The best planting season is winter.

What soil does Almond need?

Almond grows best in sandy loam, loam, well-drained soil with a pH of 6.5-7. Excellent drainage is required.

What temperature does Almond need?

Almond grows best at 15-30°C. Frost tolerance: light. Heat tolerance: high.

What is the expected yield for Almond?

Across 11 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Almond range from 360 to 6,110 kg kernel/hectare, with a median of 1,280. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.