Fruits· Prunus domestica
Guide de culture du Plum
Plum encompasses both European plums (P. domestica, used fresh and for prunes) and Japanese plums (P. salicina, primarily fresh market). European plums are self-fertile and suited to cooler climates, while Japanese plums require cross-pollination and warmer conditions.
Combien de temps faut-il pour cultiver Plum ?
Plum atteint généralement sa première récolte environ 3 ans après la plantation.
Conditions de croissance
Exigences du sol
Type de sol et pH
Meilleurs types de sol : loam, clay loam, silt loam
Plage de pH : 5.5 - 6.1 (optimal : 5.8)
Drainage : good
Besoins en nutriments (N-P-K)
Guide de plantation
Rendement et économie
Ravageurs et maladies courants
Ravageurs courants
- plum curculio
- oriental fruit moth
- aphids
- mites
Maladies courantes
- brown rot
- black knot
- plum pox virus
- bacterial spot
Utilisez la détection des maladies des cultures par IA pour identifier les problèmes tôt et prévenir les pertes de récolte.
Conseils de culture
Japanese plums bloom earlier than European types and are more vulnerable to late spring frosts; site them on slopes with good cold-air drainage.
Black knot disease causes distinctive black, tar-like swellings on branches; prune out and destroy infected wood 10 cm below symptoms.
Prune plums to an open-center form for light penetration and air circulation, reducing brown rot pressure on developing fruit.
Questions fréquentes
How long does Plum take to grow?
Plum typically takes about 3 years from planting to first harvest. Seeds germinate in about 30 days. The best planting season is winter, early spring.
What soil does Plum need?
Plum grows best in loam, clay loam, silt loam soil with a pH of 5.5-6.1. Good drainage is required.
What temperature does Plum need?
Plum grows best at 18-28°C. Frost tolerance: high. Heat tolerance: moderate.
What is the expected yield for Plum?
Across 16 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Plum range from 3,760 to 17,420 kg/hectare, with a median of 12,510. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.
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Termes agronomiques clés
Les concepts agricoles essentiels, expliqués simplement.
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