Medicinal & Aromatic· Mentha × piperita
Guide de culture du Peppermint
Hybrid mint (M. aquatica × M. spicata) grown commercially for menthol-rich essential oil. India and the US (Pacific Northwest, Midwest) are top producers. Menthol is used in pharmaceuticals, oral care, confectionery, and aromatherapy. Distinct from spearmint — higher menthol content (40-50%) makes it the preferred medicinal species.
Conditions de croissance
Exigences du sol
Type de sol et pH
Meilleurs types de sol : loam, clay loam, muck
Plage de pH : 6 - 7.5 (optimal : 6.5)
Drainage : good
Besoins en nutriments (N-P-K)
Guide de plantation
Rendement et économie
Ravageurs et maladies courants
Ravageurs courants
- spider mites
- flea beetles
- mint root borer
- cutworms
- loopers
Maladies courantes
- Verticillium wilt
- mint rust (Puccinia menthae)
- powdery mildew
- Rhizoctonia root rot
Utilisez la pour identifier les problèmes tôt et prévenir les pertes de récolte.
Conseils de culture
Harvest at early bloom (10% flower) for peak menthol content; cut 5 cm above ground and wilt in swath 24-48 hours before distillation.
Rotate fields every 3-4 years — Verticillium wilt builds up in continuous peppermint and there are no resistant cultivars. Flame or propane flaming after harvest sterilizes surface inoculum.
Contain in beds or use root barriers — peppermint spreads aggressively by stolons and will overtake adjacent crops within one season.
Questions fréquentes
How long does Peppermint take to grow?
Peppermint typically takes 90 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 10 days. The best planting season is spring.
What soil does Peppermint need?
Peppermint grows best in loam, clay loam, muck soil with a pH of 6-7.5. Good drainage is required.
What temperature does Peppermint need?
Peppermint grows best at 15-25°C. Frost tolerance: high. Heat tolerance: low.
What is the expected yield for Peppermint?
Peppermint yields approximately 100 kg essential oil/hectare under good conditions. Multiple harvests per year are possible (2).
Plus de Medicinal & Aromatic
Termes agronomiques clés
Les concepts agricoles essentiels, expliqués simplement.
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