Legumes & Pulses· Arachis hypogaea
Guide de culture du Groundnut
Peanut/groundnut. Legume crop grown for oil and food. Fixes atmospheric nitrogen.
Combien de temps faut-il pour cultiver Groundnut ?
Groundnut est généralement prêt à être récolté environ 120 jours après la plantation.
Conditions de croissance
Exigences du sol
Type de sol et pH
Meilleurs types de sol : sandy loam, loam, well-drained sandy
Plage de pH : 5.5 - 6.5 (optimal : 6)
Drainage : excellent
Besoins en nutriments (N-P-K)
Guide de plantation
Rendement et économie
Ravageurs et maladies courants
Ravageurs courants
- Aphids
- Thrips
- Leaf miner
- White grub
- Pod borer
- Termites
Maladies courantes
- Early leaf spot
- Late leaf spot
- Rust
- Aflatoxin (Aspergillus)
- Stem rot
- Collar rot
Utilisez la détection des maladies des cultures par IA pour identifier les problèmes tôt et prévenir les pertes de récolte.
Conseils de culture
Apply gypsum (calcium sulfate) at 400-500 kg/ha at pegging stage — calcium is essential for pod fill and deficiency causes empty or poorly filled shells.
Groundnuts fix atmospheric nitrogen via Bradyrhizobium, so skip nitrogen fertilizer — excess N promotes foliage over pod development.
Harvest when 70-80% of pods show internal darkening of the shell lining — delayed harvest increases aflatoxin risk and pod shattering losses.
Dry pods to below 8% moisture within 48 hours of harvest to prevent Aspergillus flavus contamination and aflatoxin production.
Rotate with cereals (sorghum, millet) and avoid following groundnut with groundnut — this breaks leaf spot and soil-borne disease cycles.
Sandy loam soils are ideal because pods must penetrate the soil after pegging — heavy clay soils restrict peg entry and cause misshapen pods.
Questions fréquentes
How long does Groundnut take to grow?
Groundnut typically takes 120 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 7 days. The best planting season is spring, early summer.
What soil does Groundnut need?
Groundnut grows best in sandy loam, loam, well-drained sandy soil with a pH of 5.5-6.5. Excellent drainage is required.
What temperature does Groundnut need?
Groundnut grows best at 25-35°C. Frost tolerance: none. Heat tolerance: high.
What is the expected yield for Groundnut?
Across 18 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Groundnut range from 940 to 4,280 kg unshelled/hectare, with a median of 2,820. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.
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