Fruits· Citrus sinensis
Guide de culture du Citrus
Citrus fruit trees including oranges, lemons, and limes. Grown in Mediterranean and subtropical climates.
Combien de temps faut-il pour cultiver Citrus ?
Citrus atteint généralement sa première récolte environ 3 ans après la plantation.
Conditions de croissance
Exigences du sol
Type de sol et pH
Meilleurs types de sol : sandy loam, loam, silt loam
Plage de pH : 5 - 6 (optimal : 5.5)
Drainage : excellent
Besoins en nutriments (N-P-K)
Guide de plantation
Rendement et économie
Ravageurs et maladies courants
Ravageurs courants
- Citrus psyllid
- Citrus leafminer
- Scale insects
- Aphids
- Mediterranean fruit fly
- Citrus red mite
Maladies courantes
- Citrus greening (HLB)
- Citrus canker
- Phytophthora root rot
- Citrus tristeza virus
- Melanose
- Alternaria brown spot
Utilisez la détection des maladies des cultures par IA pour identifier les problèmes tôt et prévenir les pertes de récolte.
Conseils de culture
Control Asian citrus psyllid aggressively — it vectors Huanglongbing (citrus greening), the most devastating citrus disease globally with no cure.
Graft onto disease-resistant rootstock (Carrizo citrange, Swingle citrumelo) rather than growing from seed — rootstock determines cold tolerance, disease resistance, and tree size.
Apply nitrogen in 3-4 split applications (Feb, May, Aug, Oct in northern hemisphere) rather than a single dose — citrus trees absorb nutrients slowly and excess leaches easily.
Maintain a weed-free zone 1-2 m around the trunk to prevent Phytophthora crown rot — mulch helps but keep it 15 cm away from the trunk.
Irrigate deeply but infrequently during fruit development — consistent moisture prevents fruit splitting, while brief dry stress before harvest concentrates sugars.
Prune only to remove dead wood, water sprouts, and crossing branches — heavy pruning reduces yield for 2-3 years and exposes bark to sunscald.
Questions fréquentes
How long does Citrus take to grow?
Citrus typically takes about 3 years from planting to first harvest. Seeds germinate in about 21 days. The best planting season is spring.
What soil does Citrus need?
Citrus grows best in sandy loam, loam, silt loam soil with a pH of 5-6. Excellent drainage is required.
What temperature does Citrus need?
Citrus grows best at 20-32°C. Frost tolerance: light. Heat tolerance: high.
What is the expected yield for Citrus?
Across 14 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Citrus range from 9,380 to 40,160 kg/hectare, with a median of 20,210. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.
Plus de Fruits
Où cultive-t-on Citrus ?
Découvrez les conditions de culture, les défis et les pratiques propres à chaque région.
Termes agronomiques clés
Les concepts agricoles essentiels, expliqués simplement.
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