Industrial & Crops· Theobroma cacao
Guía de cultivo de Cocoa
Tropical understorey tree producing the raw material for chocolate. Ivory Coast and Ghana produce 60% of global supply. Requires shade, humidity, and stable temperatures. Beans are fermented and dried before processing.
Condiciones de cultivo
Requisitos del suelo
Tipo de suelo y pH
Mejores tipos de suelo: deep clay loam, volcanic, alluvial
Rango de pH: 5 - 7 (óptimo: 6)
Drenaje: good
Guía de siembra
Rendimiento y economía
Plagas y enfermedades comunes
Plagas comunes
- cocoa pod borer
- mirids (capsids)
- mealybugs
Enfermedades comunes
- black pod (Phytophthora)
- witches broom
- frosty pod rot
- swollen shoot virus
Usa la para identificar problemas a tiempo y prevenir pérdidas de cosecha.
Consejos de cultivo
Ferment beans for 5-7 days in wooden boxes — proper fermentation is critical for flavor development and cannot be corrected later
Maintain shade canopy at 50-60% — excess shade reduces yield, too little causes sunscald and moisture stress
Prune to maintain 3-5 main branches (jorquette) — overgrown trees waste energy on vegetative growth
Preguntas frecuentes
How long does Cocoa take to grow?
Cocoa typically takes 1095 days from planting to harvest. The best planting season is wet season.
What soil does Cocoa need?
Cocoa grows best in deep clay loam, volcanic, alluvial soil with a pH of 5-7. Good drainage is required.
What temperature does Cocoa need?
Cocoa grows best at 22-30°C. Frost tolerance: none. Heat tolerance: low.
What is the expected yield for Cocoa?
Cocoa yields approximately 500 kg dried beans/hectare under good conditions. Multiple harvests per year are possible (2).
Más Industrial & Crops
Términos agronómicos clave
Conceptos agrícolas esenciales, explicados con claridad.
Obtén recomendaciones impulsadas por IA para Cocoa
WiseYield ofrece recomendaciones de cultivo personalizadas, predicciones de rendimiento y detección de enfermedades para Cocoa y otros 213 cultivos.
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