Fruits· Citrus sinensis
Guía de cultivo de Citrus
Citrus fruit trees including oranges, lemons, and limes. Grown in Mediterranean and subtropical climates.
¿Cuánto tarda en crecer Citrus?
Citrus suele alcanzar su primera cosecha unos 3 años después de la siembra.
Condiciones de cultivo
Requisitos del suelo
Tipo de suelo y pH
Mejores tipos de suelo: sandy loam, loam, silt loam
Rango de pH: 5 - 6 (óptimo: 5.5)
Drenaje: excellent
Necesidades de nutrientes (N-P-K)
Guía de siembra
Rendimiento y economía
Plagas y enfermedades comunes
Plagas comunes
- Citrus psyllid
- Citrus leafminer
- Scale insects
- Aphids
- Mediterranean fruit fly
- Citrus red mite
Enfermedades comunes
- Citrus greening (HLB)
- Citrus canker
- Phytophthora root rot
- Citrus tristeza virus
- Melanose
- Alternaria brown spot
Usa la detección de enfermedades de cultivos con IA para identificar problemas a tiempo y prevenir pérdidas de cosecha.
Consejos de cultivo
Control Asian citrus psyllid aggressively — it vectors Huanglongbing (citrus greening), the most devastating citrus disease globally with no cure.
Graft onto disease-resistant rootstock (Carrizo citrange, Swingle citrumelo) rather than growing from seed — rootstock determines cold tolerance, disease resistance, and tree size.
Apply nitrogen in 3-4 split applications (Feb, May, Aug, Oct in northern hemisphere) rather than a single dose — citrus trees absorb nutrients slowly and excess leaches easily.
Maintain a weed-free zone 1-2 m around the trunk to prevent Phytophthora crown rot — mulch helps but keep it 15 cm away from the trunk.
Irrigate deeply but infrequently during fruit development — consistent moisture prevents fruit splitting, while brief dry stress before harvest concentrates sugars.
Prune only to remove dead wood, water sprouts, and crossing branches — heavy pruning reduces yield for 2-3 years and exposes bark to sunscald.
Preguntas frecuentes
How long does Citrus take to grow?
Citrus typically takes about 3 years from planting to first harvest. Seeds germinate in about 21 days. The best planting season is spring.
What soil does Citrus need?
Citrus grows best in sandy loam, loam, silt loam soil with a pH of 5-6. Excellent drainage is required.
What temperature does Citrus need?
Citrus grows best at 20-32°C. Frost tolerance: light. Heat tolerance: high.
What is the expected yield for Citrus?
Across 14 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Citrus range from 9,380 to 40,160 kg/hectare, with a median of 20,210. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.
¿Dónde se cultiva Citrus?
Explora las condiciones de cultivo, los retos y las prácticas específicas de cada región.
Términos agronómicos clave
Conceptos agrícolas esenciales, explicados con claridad.
Obtén recomendaciones impulsadas por IA para Citrus
WiseYield ofrece recomendaciones de cultivo personalizadas, predicciones de rendimiento y detección de enfermedades para Citrus y otros 220 cultivos.
Prueba gratuita de 14 días. No se requiere tarjeta de crédito.