Herbs & Spices· Vanilla planifolia
Tropical orchid vine producing the world's most labor-intensive spice. Vanilla beans (cured seed pods) are the second most expensive spice after saffron.
Beste Bodenarten: loam, volcanic, organic-rich
pH-Bereich: 6 - 7 (optimal: 6.5)
Drainage: good
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Hand pollination is required outside Mexico (where natural pollinators exist); pollinate flowers in the morning within 8-12 hours of opening.
Curing is critical: blanch pods at 65C, then sweat/dry for 3-6 months to develop characteristic vanilla flavor and aroma.
Train vines at accessible height (1.5-2 m) using loops or horizontal supports to ease hand-pollination and harvest labor.
Vanilla typically takes 1095 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 45 days. The best planting season is spring.
Vanilla grows best in loam, volcanic, organic-rich soil with a pH of 6-7. Good drainage is required.
Vanilla grows best at 21-32°C. Frost tolerance: none. Heat tolerance: moderate.
Vanilla yields approximately 500 kg cured beans/hectare under good conditions.
Grundlegende landwirtschaftliche Konzepte, verständlich erklärt.
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