Oilseeds· Sesamum indicum

Guía de cultivo de Sesame

One of the oldest oilseed crops, cultivated for over 5,000 years. Seeds contain 50% oil and 25% protein. Drought-tolerant, grown across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Used in oil, tahini, confectionery, and cosmetics.

¿Cuánto tarda en crecer Sesame?

Sesame suele estar listo para la cosecha unos 100 días después de la siembra.

100

Días hasta la cosecha

720

kg/hectárea

low

Necesidades de agua

full sun

Necesidades de sol

FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Production: Crops and livestock products. Accessed on 13 October 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL Licence: CC-BY-4.0.

Condiciones de cultivo

Temperatura

25-35°C óptima

Precipitación

300-800 mm/año

Tolerancia a las heladas

none

Tolerancia a la sequía

high

Humedad

Tolerancia low

Tolerancia al calor

high

Requisitos del suelo

Tipo de suelo y pH

Mejores tipos de suelo: sandy loam, loam

Rango de pH: 5.5 - 7.5 (óptimo: 6.5)

Drenaje: excellent

Guía de siembra

Métodos de siembra

direct seeding, broadcast

Profundidad de siembra

2 cm

Distancia entre plantas

15 cm de separación, 45 cm entre hileras

Temporada de siembra

spring, summer

Rendimiento y economía

Rango de rendimiento

180 - 4,870 kg/ha

Demanda del mercado

growing

Rentabilidad

high

Plagas y enfermedades comunes

Plagas comunes

sesame webworm
aphids
gall midge

Enfermedades comunes

Fusarium wilt
bacterial leaf spot
Cercospora leaf spot
charcoal rot

Usa la detección de enfermedades de cultivos con IA para identificar problemas a tiempo y prevenir pérdidas de cosecha.

Consejos de cultivo

Harvest when lower capsules begin to split — delay causes shattering and seed loss

Non-shattering varieties (like Shandaweel 2022) enable mechanical harvest and reduce losses by 20%

Excellent rotation crop after cereals — deep taproot breaks compaction and low N requirement

Preguntas frecuentes

How long does Sesame take to grow?

Sesame typically takes 100 days from planting to harvest. Seeds germinate in about 5 days. The best planting season is spring, summer.

What soil does Sesame need?

Sesame grows best in sandy loam, loam soil with a pH of 5.5-7.5. Excellent drainage is required.

What temperature does Sesame need?

Sesame grows best at 25-35°C. Frost tolerance: none. Heat tolerance: high.

What is the expected yield for Sesame?

Across 73 countries with grounded data, reported national yields for Sesame range from 180 to 4,870 kg/hectare, with a median of 720. These are national statistics, not a best-case figure — an individual farm's yield depends on variety, climate, soil and management.